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Re:【连载中】《麦克白》 Macbeth中英对照第五幕
SCENE III. England. Before the King's palace.
Enter MALCOLM and MACDUFF
MALCOLM
Let us seek out some desolate shade, and there
Weep our sad bosoms empty.
MACDUFF
Let us rather
Hold fast the mortal sword, and like good men
Bestride our down-fall'n birthdom: each new morn
New widows howl, new orphans cry, new sorrows
Strike heaven on the face, that it resounds
As if it felt with Scotland and yell'd out
Like syllable of dolour.
MALCOLM
What I believe I'll wail,
What know believe, and what I can redress,
As I shall find the time to friend, I will.
What you have spoke, it may be so perchance.
This tyrant, whose sole name blisters our tongues,
Was once thought honest: you have loved him well.
He hath not touch'd you yet. I am young;
but something
You may deserve of him through me, and wisdom
To offer up a weak poor innocent lamb
To appease an angry god.
MACDUFF
I am not treacherous.
MALCOLM
But Macbeth is.
A good and virtuous nature may recoil
In an imperial charge. But I shall crave
your pardon;
That which you are my thoughts cannot transpose:
Angels are bright still, though the brightest fell;
Though all things foul would wear the brows of grace,
Yet grace must still look so.
MACDUFF
I have lost my hopes.
MALCOLM
Perchance even there where I did find my doubts.
Why in that rawness left you wife and child,
Those precious motives, those strong knots of love,
Without leave-taking? I pray you,
Let not my jealousies be your dishonours,
But mine own safeties. You may be rightly just,
Whatever I shall think.
MACDUFF
Bleed, bleed, poor country!
Great tyranny! lay thou thy basis sure,
For goodness dare not cheque thee: wear thou
thy wrongs;
The title is affeer'd! Fare thee well, lord:
I would not be the villain that thou think'st
For the whole space that's in the tyrant's grasp,
And the rich East to boot.
MALCOLM
Be not offended:
I speak not as in absolute fear of you.
I think our country sinks beneath the yoke;
It weeps, it bleeds; and each new day a gash
Is added to her wounds: I think withal
There would be hands uplifted in my right;
And here from gracious England have I offer
Of goodly thousands: but, for all this,
When I shall tread upon the tyrant's head,
Or wear it on my sword, yet my poor country
Shall have more vices than it had before,
More suffer and more sundry ways than ever,
By him that shall succeed.
MACDUFF
What should he be?
MALCOLM
It is myself I mean: in whom I know
All the particulars of vice so grafted
That, when they shall be open'd, black Macbeth
Will seem as pure as snow, and the poor state
Esteem him as a lamb, being compared
With my confineless harms.
MACDUFF
Not in the legions
Of horrid hell can come a devil more damn'd
In evils to top Macbeth.
MALCOLM
I grant him bloody,
Luxurious, avaricious, false, deceitful,
Sudden, malicious, smacking of every sin
That has a name: but there's no bottom, none,
In my voluptuousness: your wives, your daughters,
Your matrons and your maids, could not fill up
The cistern of my lust, and my desire
All continent impediments would o'erbear
That did oppose my will: better Macbeth
Than such an one to reign.
MACDUFF
Boundless intemperance
In nature is a tyranny; it hath been
The untimely emptying of the happy throne
And fall of many kings. But fear not yet
To take upon you what is yours: you may
Convey your pleasures in a spacious plenty,
And yet seem cold, the time you may so hoodwink.
We have willing dames enough: there cannot be
That vulture in you, to devour so many
As will to greatness dedicate themselves,
Finding it so inclined.
MALCOLM
With this there grows
In my most ill-composed affection such
A stanchless avarice that, were I king,
I should cut off the nobles for their lands,
Desire his jewels and this other's house:
And my more-having would be as a sauce
To make me hunger more; that I should forge
Quarrels unjust against the good and loyal,
Destroying them for wealth.
MACDUFF
This avarice
Sticks deeper, grows with more pernicious root
Than summer-seeming lust, and it hath been
The sword of our slain kings: yet do not fear;
Scotland hath foisons to fill up your will.
Of your mere own: all these are portable,
With other graces weigh'd.
MALCOLM
But I have none: the king-becoming graces,
As justice, verity, temperance, stableness,
Bounty, perseverance, mercy, lowliness,
Devotion, patience, courage, fortitude,
I have no relish of them, but abound
In the division of each several crime,
Acting it many ways. Nay, had I power, I should
Pour the sweet milk of concord into hell,
Uproar the universal peace, confound
All unity on earth.
MACDUFF
O Scotland, Scotland!
MALCOLM
If such a one be fit to govern, speak:
I am as I have spoken.
MACDUFF
Fit to govern!
No, not to live. O nation miserable,
With an untitled tyrant bloody-scepter'd,
When shalt thou see thy wholesome days again,
Since that the truest issue of thy throne
By his own interdiction stands accursed,
And does blaspheme his breed? Thy royal father
Was a most sainted king: the queen that bore thee,
Oftener upon her knees than on her feet,
Died every day she lived. Fare thee well!
These evils thou repeat'st upon thyself
Have banish'd me from Scotland. O my breast,
Thy hope ends here!
MALCOLM
Macduff, this noble passion,
Child of integrity, hath from my soul
Wiped the black scruples, reconciled my thoughts
To thy good truth and honour. Devilish Macbeth
By many of these trains hath sought to win me
Into his power, and modest wisdom plucks me
From over-credulous haste: but God above
Deal between thee and me! for even now
I put myself to thy direction, and
Unspeak mine own detraction, here abjure
The taints and blames I laid upon myself,
For strangers to my nature. I am yet
Unknown to woman, never was forsworn,
Scarcely have coveted what was mine own,
At no time broke my faith, would not betray
The devil to his fellow and delight
No less in truth than life: my first false speaking
Was this upon myself: what I am truly,
Is thine and my poor country's to command:
Whither indeed, before thy here-approach,
Old Siward, with ten thousand warlike men,
Already at a point, was setting forth.
Now we'll together; and the chance of goodness
Be like our warranted quarrel! Why are you silent?
MACDUFF
Such welcome and unwelcome things at once
'Tis hard to reconcile.
Enter a Doctor
MALCOLM
Well; more anon.--Comes the king forth, I pray you?
Doctor
Ay, sir; there are a crew of wretched souls
That stay his cure: their malady convinces
The great assay of art; but at his touch--
Such sanctity hath heaven given his hand--
They presently amend.
MALCOLM
I thank you, doctor.
Exit Doctor
MACDUFF
What's the disease he means?
MALCOLM
'Tis call'd the evil:
A most miraculous work in this good king;
Which often, since my here-remain in England,
I have seen him do. How he solicits heaven,
Himself best knows: but strangely-visited people,
All swoln and ulcerous, pitiful to the eye,
The mere despair of surgery, he cures,
Hanging a golden stamp about their necks,
Put on with holy prayers: and 'tis spoken,
To the succeeding royalty he leaves
The healing benediction. With this strange virtue,
He hath a heavenly gift of prophecy,
And sundry blessings hang about his throne,
That speak him full of grace.
Enter ROSS
MACDUFF
See, who comes here?
MALCOLM
My countryman; but yet I know him not.
MACDUFF
My ever-gentle cousin, welcome hither.
MALCOLM
I know him now. Good God, betimes remove
The means that makes us strangers!
ROSS
Sir, amen.
MACDUFF
Stands Scotland where it did?
ROSS
Alas, poor country!
Almost afraid to know itself. It cannot
Be call'd our mother, but our grave; where nothing,
But who knows nothing, is once seen to smile;
Where sighs and groans and shrieks that rend the air
Are made, not mark'd; where violent sorrow seems
A modern ecstasy; the dead man's knell
Is there scarce ask'd for who; and good men's lives
Expire before the flowers in their caps,
Dying or ere they sicken.
MACDUFF
O, relation
Too nice, and yet too true!
MALCOLM
What's the newest grief?
ROSS
That of an hour's age doth hiss the speaker:
Each minute teems a new one.
MACDUFF
How does my wife?
ROSS
Why, well.
MACDUFF
And all my children?
ROSS
Well too.
MACDUFF
The tyrant has not batter'd at their peace?
ROSS
No; they were well at peace when I did leave 'em.
MACDUFF
But not a niggard of your speech: how goes't?
ROSS
When I came hither to transport the tidings,
Which I have heavily borne, there ran a rumour
Of many worthy fellows that were out;
Which was to my belief witness'd the rather,
For that I saw the tyrant's power a-foot:
Now is the time of help; your eye in Scotland
Would create soldiers, make our women fight,
To doff their dire distresses.
MALCOLM
Be't their comfort
We are coming thither: gracious England hath
Lent us good Siward and ten thousand men;
An older and a better soldier none
That Christendom gives out.
ROSS
Would I could answer
This comfort with the like! But I have words
That would be howl'd out in the desert air,
Where hearing should not latch them.
MACDUFF
What concern they?
The general cause? or is it a fee-grief
Due to some single breast?
ROSS
No mind that's honest
But in it shares some woe; though the main part
Pertains to you alone.
MACDUFF
If it be mine,
Keep it not from me, quickly let me have it.
ROSS
Let not your ears despise my tongue for ever,
Which shall possess them with the heaviest sound
That ever yet they heard.
MACDUFF
Hum! I guess at it.
ROSS
Your castle is surprised; your wife and babes
Savagely slaughter'd: to relate the manner,
Were, on the quarry of these murder'd deer,
To add the death of you.
MALCOLM
Merciful heaven!
What, man! ne'er pull your hat upon your brows;
Give sorrow words: the grief that does not speak
Whispers the o'er-fraught heart and bids it break.
MACDUFF
My children too?
ROSS
Wife, children, servants, all
That could be found.
MACDUFF
And I must be from thence!
My wife kill'd too?
ROSS
I have said.
MALCOLM
Be comforted:
Let's make us medicines of our great revenge,
To cure this deadly grief.
MACDUFF
He has no children. All my pretty ones?
Did you say all? O hell-kite! All?
What, all my pretty chickens and their dam
At one fell swoop?
MALCOLM
Dispute it like a man.
MACDUFF
I shall do so;
But I must also feel it as a man:
I cannot but remember such things were,
That were most precious to me. Did heaven look on,
And would not take their part? Sinful Macduff,
They were all struck for thee! naught that I am,
Not for their own demerits, but for mine,
Fell slaughter on their souls. Heaven rest them now!
MALCOLM
Be this the whetstone of your sword: let grief
Convert to anger; blunt not the heart, enrage it.
MACDUFF
O, I could play the woman with mine eyes
And braggart with my tongue! But, gentle heavens,
Cut short all intermission; front to front
Bring thou this fiend of Scotland and myself;
Within my sword's length set him; if he 'scape,
Heaven forgive him too!
MALCOLM
This tune goes manly.
Come, go we to the king; our power is ready;
Our lack is nothing but our leave; Macbeth
Is ripe for shaking, and the powers above
Put on their instruments. Receive what cheer you may:
The night is long that never finds the day.
Exeunt
第三场 英格兰。王宫前
马尔康及麦克德夫上。
马尔康 让我们找一处没有人踪的树荫， 在那里把我们胸中的悲哀痛痛快快地
哭个干净吧。
麦克德夫 我们还是紧握着利剑， 像好汉子似的卫护我们被蹂躏的祖国吧。每
一个新的黎明都听得见新孀的寡妇在哭泣，新失父母的孤儿在号啕，新的悲哀上冲
霄汉，发出凄厉的回声，就像哀悼苏格兰的命运，替她奏唱挽歌一样。
马尔康 我相信的事就叫我痛哭， 我知道的事就叫我相信；我只要有机会效忠
祖国，也愿意尽我的力量。您说的话也许是事实。一提起这个暴君的名字，就使我
们切齿腐舌。可是他曾经有过正直的名声；您对他也有很好的交情；他也还没有加
害于您。我虽然年轻识浅，可是您也许可以利用我向他邀功求赏，把一头柔弱无罪
的羔羊向一个愤怒的天神献祭，不失为一件聪明的事。
麦克德夫 我不是一个奸诈小人。
马尔康 麦克白却是的。 在尊严的王命之下，忠实仁善的人也许不得不背着天
良行事。可是我必须请您原谅；您的忠诚的人格决不会因为我用小人之心去测度它
而发生变化；最光明的天使也许会堕落，可是天使总是光明的；虽然小人全都貌似
忠良，可是忠良的一定仍然不失他的本色。
麦克德夫 我已经失去我的希望。
马尔康 也许正是这一点刚才引起了我的怀疑。 您为什么不告而别，丢下您的
妻子儿女，您那些宝贵的骨肉、爱情的坚强的联系，让她们担惊受险呢？请您不要
把我的多心引为耻辱，为了我自己的安全，我不能不这样顾虑。不管我心里怎样想，
也许您真是一个忠义的汉子。
麦克德夫 流血吧， 流血吧，可怜的国家！不可一世的暴君，奠下你的安若泰
山的基业吧，因为正义的力量不敢向你诛讨！戴着你那不义的王冠吧，这是你的已
经确定的名分；再会，殿下；即使把这暴君掌握下的全部土地一起给我，再加上富
庶的东方，我也不愿做一个像你所猜疑我那样的奸人。
马尔康 不要生气； 我说这样的话，并不是完全为了不放心您。我想我们的国
家呻吟在虐政之下，流泪、流血，每天都有一道新的伤痕加在旧日的疮痍之上；我
也想到一定有许多人愿意为了我的权利奋臂而起，就在友好的英格兰这里，也已经
有数千义士愿意给我助力；可是虽然这样说，要是我有一天能够把暴君的头颅放在
足下践踏，或者把它悬挂在我的剑上，我的可怜的祖国却要在一个新的暴君的统治
之下，滋生更多的罪恶，忍受更大的苦痛，造成更分歧的局面。
麦克德夫 这新的暴君是谁？
马尔康 我的意思就是说我自己；我知道在我的天性之中，深植着各种的罪恶，
要是有一天暴露出来，黑暗的麦克白在相形之下，将会变成白雪一样纯洁；我们的
可怜的国家看见了我的无限的暴虐，将会把他当作一头羔羊。
麦克德夫 踏遍地狱也找不出一个比麦克白更万恶不赦的魔鬼。
马尔康 我承认他嗜杀、 骄奢、贪婪、虚伪、欺诈、狂暴、凶恶，一切可以指
名的罪恶他都有；可是我的淫佚是没有止境的：你们的妻子、女儿、妇人、处女，
都不能填满我的欲壑；我的猖狂的欲念会冲决一切节制和约束；与其让这样一个人
做国王，还是让麦克白统治的好。
麦克德夫 从人的生理来说， 无限制的纵欲是一种“虐政”，它曾经推翻了无
数君主，使他们不能长久坐在王位上。可是您还不必担心，谁也不能禁止您满足您
的分内的欲望；您可以一方面尽情欢乐，一方面在外表上装出庄重的神气，世人的
耳目是很容易遮掩过去的。我们国内尽多自愿献身的女子，无论您怎样贪欢好色，
也应付不了这许多求荣献媚的娇娥。
马尔康 除了这一种弱点以外， 在我的邪僻的心中还有一种不顾廉耻的贪婪，
要是我做了国王，我一定要诛锄贵族，侵夺他们的土地；不是向这个人索取珠宝，
就是向那个人索取房屋；我所有的越多，我的贪心越不知道餍足，我一定会为了图
谋财富的缘故，向善良忠贞的人无端寻衅，把他们陷于死地。
麦克德夫 这一种贪婪比起少年的情欲来， 它的根是更深而更有毒的，我们曾
经有许多过去的国王死在它的剑下。可是您不用担心，苏格兰有足够您享用的财富，
它都是属于您的；只要有其他的美德，这些缺点都不算什么。
马尔康 可是我一点没有君主之德， 什么公平、正直、节俭、镇定、慷慨、坚
毅、仁慈、谦恭、诚敬、宽容、勇敢、刚强，我全没有；各种罪恶却应有尽有，在
各方面表现出来。嘿，要是我掌握了大权，我一定要把和谐的甘乳倾入地狱，扰乱
世界的和平，破坏地上的统一。
麦克德夫 啊，苏格兰，苏格兰！
马尔康 你说这样一个人是不是适宜于统治？我正是像我所说那样的人。
麦克德夫 适宜于统治！ 不，这样的人是不该让他留在人世的。啊，多难的国
家，一个篡位的暴君握着染血的御枚高踞在王座上，你的最合法的嗣君又亲口吐露
了他是这样一个可咒诅的人，辱没了他的高贵的血统，那么你几时才能重见天日呢？
你的父王是一个最圣明的君主；生养你的母后每天都想到人生难免的死亡，她朝夕
都在屈膝跪求上天的垂怜。再会！你自己供认的这些罪恶，已经把我从苏格兰放逐。
啊，我的胸膛，你的希望永远在这儿埋葬了！
马尔康 麦克德夫， 只有一颗正直的心，才会有这种勃发的忠义之情，它已经
把黑暗的疑虑从我的灵魂上一扫而空，使我充分信任你的真诚。魔鬼般的麦克白曾
经派了许多说客来，想要把我诱进他的罗网，所以我不得不着意提防；可是上帝鉴
临在你我二人的中间！从现在起，我委身听从你的指导，并且撤回我刚才对我自己
所讲的坏话，我所加在我自己身上的一切污点，都是我的天性中所没有的。我还没
有近过女色，从来没有背过誓，即使是我自己的东西，我也没有贪得的欲念；我从
不曾失信于人，我不愿把魔鬼出卖给他的同伴，我珍爱忠诚不亚于生命；刚才我对
自己的诽谤，是我第一次的说谎。那真诚的我，是准备随时接受你和我的不幸的祖
国的命令的。在你还没有到这儿来以前，年老的西华德已经带领了一万个战士，装
备齐全，向苏格兰出发了。现在我们就可以把我们的力量合并在一起；我们堂堂正
正的义师，一定可以得胜。您为什么不说话？
麦克德夫 好消息和恶消息同时传进了我的耳朵里，使我的喜怒都失去了自主。
一医生上。
马尔康 好，等会儿再说。请问一声，王上出来了吗？
医生 出来了， 殿下；有一大群不幸的人们在等候他医治，他们的疾病使最高
明的医生束手无策，可是上天给他这样神奇的力量，只要他的手一触，他们就立刻
痊愈了。
马尔康 谢谢您的见告，大夫。（医生下。）
麦克德夫 他说的是什么疾病？
马尔康 他们都把它叫做瘰疬； 自从我来到英国以后，我常常看见这位善良的
国王显示他的奇妙无比的本领。除了他自己以外，谁也不知道他是怎样祈求着上天；
可是害着怪病的人，浑身肿烂，惨不忍睹，一切外科手术无法医治的，他只要嘴里
念着祈祷，用一枚金章亲手挂在他们的颈上，他们便会霍然痊愈；据说他这种治病
的天能，是世世相传永袭罔替的。除了这种特殊的本领以外，他还是一个天生的预
言者，福祥环拱着他的王座，表示他具有各种美德。
麦克德夫 瞧，谁来啦？
马尔康 是我们国里的人；可是我还认不出他是谁。
洛斯上。
麦克德夫 我的贤弟，欢迎。
马尔康 我现在认识他了。 好上帝，赶快除去使我们成为陌路之人的那一层隔
膜吧！
洛斯 阿门，殿下。
麦克德夫 苏格兰还是原来那样子吗？
洛斯 唉！ 可怜的祖国！它简直不敢认识它自己。它不能再称为我们的母亲，
只是我们的坟墓；在那边，除了浑浑噩噩、一无所知的人以外，谁的脸上也不曾有
过一丝笑容；叹息、呻吟、震撼天空的呼号，都是日常听惯的声音，不能再引起人
们的注意；剧烈的悲哀变成一般的风气；葬钟敲响的时候，谁也不再关心它是为谁
而鸣；善良人的生命往往在他们帽上的花朵还没有枯萎以前就化为朝露。
麦克德夫 啊！太巧妙、也是太真实的描写！
马尔康 最近有什么令人痛心的事情？
洛斯 一小时以前的变故， 在叙述者的嘴里就已经变成陈迹了；每一分钟都产
生新的祸难。
麦克德夫 我的妻子安好吗？
洛斯 呃，她很安好。
麦克德夫 我的孩子们呢？
洛斯 也很安好。
麦克德夫 那暴君还没有毁坏他们的平静吗？
洛斯 没有；当我离开他们的时候，他们是很平安的。
麦克德夫 不要吝惜你的言语；究竟怎样？
洛斯 当我带着沉重的消息、 预备到这儿来传报的时候，一路上听见谣传，说
是许多有名望的人都已经起义；这种谣言照我想起来是很可靠的，因为我亲眼看见
那暴君的军队在出动。现在是应该出动全力挽救祖国沦夷的时候了；你们要是在苏
格兰出现，可以使男人们个个变成兵士，使女人们愿意从她们的困苦之下争取解放
而作战。
马尔康 我们正要回去， 让这消息作为他们的安慰吧。友好的英格兰已经借给
我们西华德将军和一万兵士，所有基督教的国家里找不出一个比他更老练、更优秀
的军人。
洛斯 我希望我也有同样好的消息给你们！ 可是我所要说的话，是应该把它在
荒野里呼喊，不让它钻进人们耳中的。
麦克德夫 它是关于哪方面的？是和大众有关的呢，还是一两个人单独的不幸？
洛斯 天良未泯的人， 对于这件事谁都要觉得像自己身受一样伤心，虽然你是
最感到切身之痛的一个。
麦克德夫 倘然那是与我有关的事，那么不要瞒过我；快让我知道了吧。
洛斯 但愿你的耳朵不要从此永远憎恨我的舌头， 因为它将要让你听见你有生
以来所听到的最惨痛的声音。
麦克德夫 哼，我猜到了。
洛斯 你的城堡受到袭击； 你的妻子和儿女都惨死在野蛮的刀剑之下；要是我
把他们的死状告诉你，那会使你痛不欲生，在他们已经成为被杀害了的驯鹿似的尸
体上，再加上了你的。
马尔康 慈悲的上天！ 什么，朋友！不要把你的帽子拉下来遮住你的额角；用
言语把你的悲伤倾泄出来吧；无言的哀痛是会向那不堪重压的心低声耳语，叫它裂
成片片的。
麦克德夫 我的孩子也都死了吗？
洛斯 妻子、孩子、仆人，凡是被他们找得到的，杀得一个不存。
麦克德夫 我却不得不离开那里！我的妻子也被杀了吗？
洛斯 我已经说过了。
马尔康 请宽心吧；让我们用壮烈的复仇做药饵，治疗这一段惨酷的悲痛。
麦克德夫 他自己没有儿女。 我的可爱的宝贝们都死了吗？你说他们一个也不
存吗？啊，地狱里的恶鸟！一个也不存？什么！我的可爱的鸡雏们和他们的母亲一
起葬送在毒手之下了吗？
马尔康 拿出男子汉的气概来。
麦克德夫 我要拿出男子汉的气概来； 可是我不能抹杀我的人类的感情。我怎
么能够把我所最珍爱的人置之度外，不去想念他们呢？难道上天看见这一幕惨剧而
不对他们抱同情吗？罪恶深重的麦克德夫！他们都是为了你而死于非命的。我真该
死，他们没有一点罪过，只是因为我自己不好，无情的屠戮才会降临到他们的身上。
愿上天给他们安息！
马尔康 把这一桩仇恨作为磨快你的剑锋的砺石； 让哀痛变成愤怒；不要让你
的心麻木下去，激起它的怒火来吧。
麦克德夫 啊！ 我可以一方面让我的眼睛里流着妇人之泪，一方面让我的舌头
发出大言壮语。可是，仁慈的上天，求你撤除一切中途的障碍，让我跟这苏格兰的
恶魔正面相对，使我的剑能够刺到他的身上；要是我放他逃走了，那么上天饶恕他
吧！
马尔康 这几句话说得很像个汉子。来，我们见国王去；我们的军队已经调齐，
一切齐备，只待整装出发。麦克白气数将绝，天诛将至；黑夜无论怎样悠长，白昼
总会到来的。（同下。）
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