【新概念三】【裕兴笔记】【整理版】_派派后花园

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[English Note] 【新概念三】【裕兴笔记】【整理版】

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5.1   anniversary
举报 只看楼主 使用道具 楼主   发表于: 2017-06-07 0
pester   v. 纠缠(拍死他)
scandal    n. 丑闻(私下里干的太多)
donation n.捐赠  记忆方法:do-nation(全国做一件事情)
Tarzan 人猿泰山(男厕所) Titan -- Titanic  
as old as Adam 老掉牙了 a warm welcome 热烈欢迎
Give me a fish, I’11 eat for a day; and teach me to fish, I’11 eat for a life time.

**********************************************

Lesson-1
cat-like  像猫一样的       mother-like
childlike (lovely) (褒)     childish (immature) 形容成年人不成熟 (贬)
at large  逍遥自在      Eg: The desperate criminal is still at large.
escape  逃跑 (从危险中成功逃脱)
flee away  跑开 (run away from danger)
scatter away  四处逃窜 (in different directions)
evade tax  逃税 (逃避应该承担的责任)
desert   擅离(职守、工作岗位、现役等);(士兵)逃亡,从…开小差      
desert one's army  
out class  逃课

spot  n./v.
n. 点,斑点        Eg:  There is a white spot on the shirt.
a beauty spot 美人痣      solar spot  太阳黑子        
spotlight 聚光灯             be in the spotlight   万众瞩目
Eg: Tom Cruse is in the spotlight in American film industry.  (to achieve a lot of attention)
on the spot (非正式用法)  1.立刻,马上 (at once,immediately)   2.at the place of the action  在现场
Eg: Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot.  Wherever she is needed,she is quickly on the spot.

A leopard will not change its spot.   江山易改,本性难移

v. to see or find sth with difficulty  不易察觉
observe  (to see and notice sth) (正式) 观察,观测
discover (to find sth already in existence)
recognize (to figure out sth/sb known already)
detect  (to disclose something hidden or in disguise)  探测
explore  (to examine sth thoroughly in order to test or find out about it)

evidence  n. 证据    = proof     Eg: When the police arrived,he had already destroied the evidence.
in evidence  显而易见的       Eg: He was in evidence at the party.  他在晚会上很突出。(adj. evident  adv. evidently)
(witness 证人     judge 法官    jury 陪审团    court of law 法庭)
self-evident a. 不言自明的               《The Declaration of Independence》 独立宣言

oblige v. 使...感到必须  (be made to do sth by law or morality)   (often in passive voice)
feel obliged to do sth. 感觉有必要做某事      be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事
Eg:Men feel obliged to take the responsibility for family.

compel  (to make people have a particular feeling or attitude)        9-year's compulsory education

drive  (to make someone feel or do sth bad or unpleasant)
drive sb. nuts  使某人发疯    Eg: The terrible music drove me nuts.

hunt v. 打猎,狩猎         hunt for/go hunting for  搜寻,寻找        hunt for a job      hunt for a love
job hunter 四处寻找工作的人     head hunter 猎头      bargain hunter  四处买便宜货的人

human being(s) 人类(区别于神和动物)
mankind 人类  Eg: in the long history of the mankind
human race  (all people,considered together as a single group)

be 存在     Eg:  《Hamlet》 ...when he hesitated to kill his uncle...       to be or not to be  生存还是毁灭

being  1) -creature     god being   animal being       2) -existence    coming into being   形成,成立
Eg:  The People's Republic of China came into being in 1949.

for the time being  眼下,目前
Eg: For the time being,the cheetahs are hard up. 眼下猎豹的手头有点紧 (Lion king)    hard up 手头紧

corner n./v.
n.   at/on the corner  在角落里 (如介词用in表示在空间的内部)
around the corner  即将到来,即将发生 (is coming)    Eg: The New Year is around the corner.
cut corners  走捷径,抄近路
v.被逼到墙角里
Eg:  The puma won't attack a human being unless it is cornered.  A cornered beast will do someting desperate.  狗急跳墙

trail 痕迹      a trail of      a trail of mud  一串泥迹       a trail of blood
Eg:  Wherever he went, the playboy left behind him a trail of broken hearts. (the playboy 应出现在主句中)

print n. 印痕,痕迹       foot print 足迹    paw print 爪痕    finger print 指纹

accumulate v. 积累,积聚    (强调积累的过程)      
Eg:  As the evidence accumulates,experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate.  
gather vt. 聚集,把某人召集在某处           collect 收集,采集      assemble 集合,集会; vt. 装配
hoard vt. 大量的贮存  hoard up = store up    Eg: The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter.
amass 积聚 = come together (主要用于诗歌和文学作品中)
    
pumas are large,cat-like animals which are found in America. 本句中的 be found (there be)应理解为产于、分布的意思,不应理解为被动语态。         Eg: Pandas are large,bear-like animals which are found in China.

When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London,they were not taken seriously.  本句中that后的内容作为reports的同位语从句,只是因为维持句子的平衡美感(避免头重脚轻)才放到了后面。

同位语从句简单记忆:
同位语从句与中心词是等同和等值的关系,而不是修饰与被修饰的关系。这一点与定语从句截然不同,定语从句与其先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。定语从句的引导词 that/which 在句中作成分(主语或宾语),而同位语从句的引导词 that 为连接词,只起连接主句与从句之作用,不做任何成分。
Eg: I was shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday. (The news is that his father died yesterday.)
能连接同位语从句的名词:
belief  fact idea doubt rumor evidence  conclusion  information  suggestion  problem  order  discover  opinion

When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London,they were not taken seriously.  句中的they指代reports,人称或指示代词的替代含义要回到句子的切近部分寻找它的中心含义。

take sth seriously  认真对待        take sth slightly  不把...放在心上
Eg:  Every one ought to take life seriously.      Education is so important that we should take it seriously.
Eg: When news came into the National Museum that an ancient tomb has been spotted 100 kilometers south of Xi'an,it was taken seriously.

However,as the evidence began to accumulate, ...    句中的However是语篇标识词。
语篇标识词: (即显示语篇发展的词语) 引出作者真正意图,表明事实真相,往往前后形成鲜明,相反的对比。

... ,for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma...   (for 说明原因)
英语一般说来,总是把最需要表达的东西放在一个句子的最前边,汉语总是先因 -->后果;而for并不引导一个强因果关系,因此是处于从属地位而不置于句首。
As 不强调原因的重要性
Since 既然,弱因果关系
Because 强的直接的原因

claimed to have done    动词不定式的完成式: 体现它所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
Eg: Till now, no organization claimed to have been responsible for this bombing.

be similar to sb.  (have a lot in common)
Eg: The brothers are similar to each other in character.

bear a resemblance to (宛如),酷似
resemble (宛如),酷似 -- father  父亲
look/be like 像       -- father  爸爸
take after   随       -- father    爹
含义取决于说话人的文化和受教育程度
pick blackberries 采黑莓  pick mushrooms 采蘑菇  pick nose 挖鼻子  pick ears 挖耳朵  pick teeth 剔牙
prove (to be) difficult
beat around the bush   拐弯抹角,旁敲侧击
on a fishing trip to           on the honey-moon trip to Paris          on way to         on business to

unless = if not      
Eg: puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered./puma will not attack a human being if it is not cornered.

...,this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.
must have been/done sth   作者主观的肯定判断,是事实总结、归纳的标志。
in the possession of    为...所有    (主语为物)         in possession of   (主语是人)
in the authority of 由...管辖   Eg: Hong Kong is in the authority of mainland.
in the care of 由...照看
in the charge of 由...负责
wild -- tame    野生 -- 驯服
wild cat 不是指野猫,而是指大型猫科动物,野猫(流浪猫) -- stray cat
domestic animals 家养动物          domestic violence  家庭暴力       domestic market 国内市场

Idioms:
Only when you experience the pain of pain,can you enjoy the happiness of happiness.  吃得苦中苦,方为人上人
Go with what you are.  勇往直前
on doing something   一...就...

The shelf on which you put those books has collapsed. --> The shelf you put those books on has collapsed.
From whom did you receive a letter? --> Whom did you receive a letter from? (本句中whom不能省略)
定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略;但省略时,介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前,只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。
非固定动词短语: Eg: live in 居住,介词可前置                 固定动词短语: Eg: look for 寻找, 介词不能前置

本帖最近评分记录: 1 条评分 派派币 +5
  • 潇萧筱雪

    派派币 +5 2017-06-08

    Thanks for sharing O(∩_∩)O

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Lesson-2
单词:    
equal  v./adj. 与...相等
adj.  be equal to     Eg: Wealth is not equal to happiness.      
EEOC : Equal Employment Opportunities Commission
vt. 及物动词       (作动词时equal后面不能接to)

vicar 小牧师 (of the Church of England)
rector 小牧师 (of the Catholic Church)
priest 神父
curate 副牧师    curate's egg 有好有坏    Eg: The book is something of a curate's egg.
bishop 主教 (国际象棋里指象)
archbishop 红衣大主教
Pope (Roman Catholic) 罗马教皇      
Eg: Do you think they'll win?    Is the Pope Catholic? (sure)
clergyman n. 神职人员
raise vt.      raise kids 养育孩子    raise money 筹集钱财    raise the roof 怒发冲冠
rise vi.   The Sun Also Rises   (written by Ernest Hemingway)   A Farewell to Arms     A Farewell to Concubine
torch n. 手电筒     carry a torch for sb.  暗恋      Why not carry on?
课文:
be always doning sth (not satisfied)  一直不停做某事
Eg: He is always finding faults with me.  他总是不断地挑我的小毛病
Things are always keeping coming up at the last minute.

be forever doing (不像be always doning sth.含有贬义) 不厌其烦
Eg: Peter is forever talking about his girl friend.

cause n.
1.原因,缘故     cause and effect
2. (支持的)事业,事项     sth you support        Eg: It's for a good cause.  做善事
for one cause or another/for one thing or another
Eg: He can't come for one thing or another.   由于种种原因,总之他不能来了

have sth. done (被动) 叫...做
have sb do  让某人做某事
have sth. to do  有...要做    Eg: I have another fish to fry. (I have to go.)
take a French leave  不辞而别

enough a. 足够的  Eg: I have enough of it! 我受够了! (I hate it so much!)    I've had it up to here with him! 忍无可忍
cannot do sth. enough    can never do sth. enough      
Eg: I cannot thank you enough.  感激不尽

used to do 过去常做现在不做了
be/get used to doing 习惯于...
be used to do (被动) 被用做...

strike v.    strike hours 敲钟、打点、报时    strike matches 划火柴   strike sb. 打某人
Eg:Strike while the iron is hot.  趁热打铁
strike sb. as odd  让某人觉得奇怪     Eg: His death strikes us as odd. 他的死让人觉得蹊跷
be struck by her beauty   被她的美貌打动了

day and night 日日夜夜      up and down 上上下下    back and forth 前前后后   blank and white 黑与白
知识点: 反义词词组表示对照,通过相反的概念而强调整体。

ever since 引起完成时
wake up with a start  惊醒
startled (suddenly or slightly surprised)
surprised (general saying)
astounded/astonished (very surprised)
amazed (extremely surprised) 惊叹     Eg:  You're amazing. 你实在是太不可思议了
stunned (程度最深) 极度震惊

before you know it (spoken: sth. will happen soon)
Eg: We'd better set off or it will be dark before you know it.  我们最好马上出发,天说话就黑了。

What's going on? 出什么事了      What's up?      
What gives? 有什么事吗    Nothing much./Not much. 没什么
in the torchlight 借着手电筒的光     in the moonlight 借着月光    Excuse me. 借光,劳驾     May I use your bathroom?
catch sight of  一下子看到、瞥见
in singt       Eg: The victory is in sight. 胜利在望
fall in love at the first sight/Hit it right off  一见钟情
What on earth are you doing up here? / What the hell are you doing up here?   你究竟在这里做什么
Whatever it is? 管他呢        
and whatever  等等     Eg: We had a party, drink, dance and whatever.
night after night 夜夜  (重复修饰,加强效果)
day after day / day in day out 日复一日
year after year / year in year out 年复一年
'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar. (句中助动词did为了加强语气)   You certainly did.
Still,I'm glad the bell is working again.      still  不过...还是
all the same / just the same   Eg: Thank you all the same. 不过还是要谢谢你
nothing I can do about it   无能为力
nothing can help  帮不上忙

as good as  和...一样      Eg: He is as good as dead there.
as long as 只要, 如果        As Long as You Love Me  只要你爱我 (sung by Back Street Boys)
Eg: I don't care who you are, what you did, where you're from, as long as you love me !
better than nothing  聊胜于无
Better late than never. 亡羊补牢未为晚也
Better safe than sorry. 为了安全起见,总比到时候后悔强
Better a witty fool than a foolish wit.  (Twelfth Night) 与其做愚蠢的智人不如做聪明的愚人。
a cup of tea  (喜欢)    Eg: Pop music isn't my cup of tea.

True generosity comes from his heart not from his purse.  真正的慷慨出自内心而非出自钱包

It was not until the thirteenth stroke that the bell stopped. (一直到...才)  全句为 it was...that 构成强调句式结构。
show you something  有些事我得跟你讲 (为难的不好说出来的)
on the slow side  属于反应有点慢的那一种

in prep. 表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语作用
in surprise 惊讶地
in astonishment 惊愕地
in alarm 惊恐地
in embarrassment 窘迫地
in amazement 特别惊讶地
in despair 绝望地
in dismay 沮丧地
in anger 生气地
in disappointment 失望地
...

in prep. 表示以、用;用于语言,书写材料,色彩或声音等方面
in English  
in pencil  
in ink 用钢笔  
in a few words 用几句话  
in such a high voice 用这么高的声音  
in oil 用颜料
in red 用红颜色  
in code 用密码
...

in 表示状态、情况或处境
in trouble/in difficulty 在困境中
in bed 卧床
in a hurry 匆忙地
in debt 负债
in love with sb. 爱上了某人
in tears 哭泣
in good order 情况正常
in good repair 维修良好
in good health 身体好
in poor health 身体状况不佳
in the bad mood 情绪不好
in the good mood 心情好
in haste 匆匆忙忙
in a favor of excitement 欣喜若狂
in poverty 在贫困之中
in luxury 奢侈
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